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gojsonschema

Description

An implementation of JSON Schema, based on IETF's draft v4 - Go language

References :

Installation

go get github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema

Dependencies :

Usage

Example


package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema"
)

func main() {

    schemaLoader := gojsonschema.NewReferenceLoader("file:///home/me/schema.json")
    documentLoader := gojsonschema.NewReferenceLoader("file:///home/me/document.json")

    result, err := gojsonschema.Validate(schemaLoader, documentLoader)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err.Error())
    }

    if result.Valid() {
        fmt.Printf("The document is valid\n")
    } else {
        fmt.Printf("The document is not valid. see errors :\n")
        for _, desc := range result.Errors() {
            fmt.Printf("- %s\n", desc)
        }
    }

}

Loaders

There are various ways to load your JSON data. In order to load your schemas and documents, first declare an appropriate loader :

Web / HTTP, using a reference :

loader := gojsonschema.NewReferenceLoader("http://www.some_host.com/schema.json")

Local file, using a reference :

loader := gojsonschema.NewReferenceLoader("file:///home/me/schema.json")

References use the URI scheme, the prefix (file://) and a full path to the file are required.

JSON strings :

loader := gojsonschema.NewStringLoader(`{"type": "string"}`)

Custom Go types :

m := map[string]interface{}{"type": "string"}
loader := gojsonschema.NewGoLoader(m)

And

type Root struct {
	Users []User `json:"users"`
}

type User struct {
	Name string `json:"name"`
}

...

data := Root{}
data.Users = append(data.Users, User{"John"})
data.Users = append(data.Users, User{"Sophia"})
data.Users = append(data.Users, User{"Bill"})

loader := gojsonschema.NewGoLoader(data)

Validation

Once the loaders are set, validation is easy :

result, err := gojsonschema.Validate(schemaLoader, documentLoader)

Alternatively, you might want to load a schema only once and process to multiple validations :

schema, err := gojsonschema.NewSchema(schemaLoader)
...
result1, err := schema.Validate(documentLoader1)
...
result2, err := schema.Validate(documentLoader2)
...
// etc ...

To check the result :

    if result.Valid() {
    	fmt.Printf("The document is valid\n")
    } else {
        fmt.Printf("The document is not valid. see errors :\n")
        for _, err := range result.Errors() {
        	// Err implements the ResultError interface
            fmt.Printf("- %s\n", err)
        }
    }

Working with Errors

The library handles string error codes which you can customize by creating your own gojsonschema.locale and setting it

gojsonschema.Locale = YourCustomLocale{}

However, each error contains additional contextual information.

err.Type(): string Returns the "type" of error that occurred. Note you can also type check. See below

Note: An error of RequiredType has an err.Type() return value of "required"

"required": RequiredError
"invalid_type": InvalidTypeError
"number_any_of": NumberAnyOfError
"number_one_of": NumberOneOfError
"number_all_of": NumberAllOfError
"number_not": NumberNotError
"missing_dependency": MissingDependencyError
"internal": InternalError
"enum": EnumError
"array_no_additional_items": ArrayNoAdditionalItemsError
"array_min_items": ArrayMinItemsError
"array_max_items": ArrayMaxItemsError
"unique": ItemsMustBeUniqueError
"array_min_properties": ArrayMinPropertiesError
"array_max_properties": ArrayMaxPropertiesError
"additional_property_not_allowed": AdditionalPropertyNotAllowedError
"invalid_property_pattern": InvalidPropertyPatternError
"string_gte": StringLengthGTEError
"string_lte": StringLengthLTEError
"pattern": DoesNotMatchPatternError
"multiple_of": MultipleOfError
"number_gte": NumberGTEError
"number_gt": NumberGTError
"number_lte": NumberLTEError
"number_lt": NumberLTError

err.Value(): interface{} Returns the value given

err.Context(): gojsonschema.jsonContext Returns the context. This has a String() method that will print something like this: (root).firstName

err.Field(): string Returns the fieldname in the format firstName, or for embedded properties, person.firstName. This returns the same as the String() method on err.Context() but removes the (root). prefix.

err.Description(): string The error description. This is based on the locale you are using. See the beginning of this section for overwriting the locale with a custom implementation.

err.Details(): gojsonschema.ErrorDetails Returns a map[string]interface{} of additional error details specific to the error. For example, GTE errors will have a "min" value, LTE will have a "max" value. See errors.go for a full description of all the error details. Every error always contains a "field" key that holds the value of err.Field()

Note in most cases, the err.Details() will be used to generate replacement strings in your locales, and not used directly. These strings follow the text/template format i.e.

{{.field}} must be greater than or equal to {{.min}}

Formats

JSON Schema allows for optional "format" property to validate strings against well-known formats. gojsonschema ships with all of the formats defined in the spec that you can use like this:

{"type": "string", "format": "email"}

Available formats: date-time, hostname, email, ipv4, ipv6, uri.

For repetitive or more complex formats, you can create custom format checkers and add them to gojsonschema like this:

// Define the format checker
type RoleFormatChecker struct {}

// Ensure it meets the gojsonschema.FormatChecker interface
func (f RoleFormatChecker) IsFormat(input string) bool {
    return strings.HasPrefix("ROLE_", input)
}

// Add it to the library
gojsonschema.FormatCheckers.Add("role", RoleFormatChecker{})

Now to use in your json schema:

{"type": "string", "format": "role"}

Uses

gojsonschema uses the following test suite :

https://github.com/json-schema/JSON-Schema-Test-Suite

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