While the `local.Local` backend is the only implementation of
`backend.Local`, creating the backend with `ForceLocal` bypasses the
`backend.Backend` in the `local.Local` causing a local state to be
implicitly created rather than using the configured state backend.
Add a test that imports into a configured backend (using the "local"
backend as a remote state proxy). This further confirms the confusing
nature of ForceLocal, as the backend _is_ local, but not from the
viewpoint of meta.Backend.
This restores the earlier behavior of the first positional argument to
terraform init in 0.9, but as a command line option.
The positional argument was removed to improve consistency with other
commands that take a working directory as their first positional argument.
It was originally intended that this functionality would return in a
later release along with some other general improvements to Terraform's
module handling, but we're introducing here an interim solution that
uses the existing module source concept, to allow for easier porting of
workflows that previously depended on the automatic copy behavior.
In a future release this feature may change again as the module
improvements design firms up, but we expect it to be broadly compatible
with this temporary state.
In order to use a backend for the state commands, we need an initialized
meta. Use a single Meta instance rather than temporary ones to make sure
the backends are initialized properly.
This e2etest runs an init, plan, apply, destroy sequence against a test
configuration using the real template and null providers downloaded from
the official repository.
This test _does_ trample a bit on the scope of some already-existing
tests, but this is mainly just to check our assumptions about how
Terraform behaves to ensure that we can reach our main conclusion here:
that the main Terraform workflow commands interact correctly with each
other in real use and we can complete the full workflow.
We already have good tests for the business logic around provider
installation, but the existing tests all stub out the main repository
server. This test completes that coverage by verifying that the installer
is able to run against the real repository and install an official release
of the template provider.
This basic test is here primarily because it's one of the few that can
run without reaching out to external services, and so it means our usual
test runs will catch situations where the main executable build is
somehow broken.
The version command itself is not very interesting to test, but it's
convenient in that its behavior is very predictable and self-contained.
Previously we had no automated testing of whether we can produce a
Terraform executable that actually works. Our various functional tests
have good coverage of specific Terraform features and whole operations,
but we lacked end-to-end testing of actual usage of the generated binary,
without any stubbing.
This package is intended as a vehicle for such end-to-end testing. When
run normally under "go test" it will produce a build of the main Terraform
binary and make it available for tests to execute. The harness exposes
a flag for whether tests are allowed to reach out to external network
services, controlled with our standard TF_ACC environment variable, so
that basic local tests can be safely run as part of "make test" while
more elaborate tests can be run easily when desired.
It also provides a separate mode of operation where the included script
make-archive.sh can be used to produce a self-contained test archive that
can be copied to another system to run the tests there. This is intended
to allow testing of cross-compiled binaries, by shipping them over to
the target OS and architecture to run without requiring a full Go compiler
installation on the target system.
The goal here is not to test again functionality that's already
well-covered by our existing tests, but rather to test chains of normal
operations against the build binary that are not otherwise tested
together.
The improved err scanner loop in meta causes these to race. There's no
need to write back to the same commands struct, so just use a new
instance in each iteration.
Meta.process was relying on the system readdir to order the arguments,
but readdir doesn't guarantee any ordering. Read the directory contents
as a whole and sort them in place before adding the tfvars files.
Previously the APIs for state persistence and management had some problematic cases where we depended on hidden mutations of the state structure as side-effects of otherwise-innocent-looking operations, which was a frequent cause of accidental regressions due to faulty assumptions.
This new model attempts to isolate certain state mutations to just within the state managers, and makes the state managers work on separated snapshots of the state rather than on the "live" object to reduce the risk of race conditions.
Due to how the state filter machinery works, passing no arguments is valid
and matches _all_ resources.
It is very unlikely that someone wants to remove everything from state, so
this ends up being a very dangerous default for the "terraform state rm"
command, and surprising for someone who perhaps runs it looking for the
usage information.
So we'll be pragmatic here and reject the no-arguments case for this
command, accepting that it makes the unlikely case of intentionally
deleting all resources harder in order to make it less likely that it
will happen _unintentionally_.
If someone does really want to remove all resources from the state, they
can provide an explicit empty string argument, but this isn't documented
because it's a weird case that doesn't seem worth mentioning.
This fixes#15283.
The state returned from the testState helper shouldn't rely on any
mutations caused by WriteState. The Init function (which is analogous to
NewState) shoudl set any required fields.
This command serves as an alternative to the human-oriented list of workspaces for scripting use-cases where it's useful to know the _current_ workspace name.
Previously we relied on a constellation of coincidences for everything to
work out correctly with state serials. In particular, callers needed to
be very careful about mutating states (or not) because many different bits
of code shared pointers to the same objects.
Here we move to a model where all of the state managers always use
distinct instances of state, copied when WriteState is called. This means
that they are truly a snapshot of the state as it was at that call, even
if the caller goes on mutating the state that was passed.
We also adjust the handling of serials so that the state managers ignore
any serials in incoming states and instead just treat each Persist as
the next version after what was most recently Refreshed.
(An exception exists for when nothing has been refreshed, e.g. because
we are writing a state to a location for the first time. In that case
we _do_ trust the caller, since the given state is either a new state
or it's a copy of something we're migrating from elsewhere with its
state and lineage intact.)
The intent here is to allow the rest of Terraform to not worry about
serials and state identity, and instead just treat the state as a mutable
structure. We'll just snapshot it occasionally, when WriteState is called,
and deal with serials _only_ at persist time.
This is intended as a more robust version of #15423, which was a quick
hotfix to an issue that resulted from our previous slopping handling
of state serials but arguably makes the problem worse by depending on
an additional coincidental behavior of the local backend's apply
implementation.
Skips checksum validation if the `TF_SKIP_PROVIDER_VERIFY` environment variable is set. Undocumented variable, as the primary goal is to significantly improve the local provider development workflow.
We need to release the lock just before deleting the state, in case the backend
can't remove the resource while holding the lock. This is currently true for
Windows local files.
TODO: While there is little safety in locking while deleting the state, it
might be nice to be able to coordinate processes around state deletion, i.e. in
a CI environment. Adding Delete() as a required method of States would allow
the removal of the resource to be delegated from the Backend to the State
itself.
A common reason to want to use `terraform plan` is to have a chance to
review and confirm a plan before running it. If in fact that is the
only reason you are running plan, this new `terraform apply -auto-approve=false`
flag provides an easier alternative to
P=$(mktemp -t plan)
terraform refresh
terraform plan -refresh=false -out=$P
terraform apply $P
rm $P
The flag defaults to true for now, but in a future version of Terraform it will
default to false.
The import command wasn't loading the full plugin path for discovery.
Run a basic plugin init sequence, and verify we can find a plugin (even
though the plugin is invalid and will fail).
The import command wasn't loading the plugin path at all, relying on the
local directory for binaries.
Load the plugin dir into Meta, and pass in ForceLocal for consistency.
The Backend returned was going to be a Local anyway, so the added check
wasn't ensuring anything.
The "confirm" method was directly checking the meta struct's input field,
but that only represents the -input command line flag, and doesn't
respect the TF_INPUT environment variable.
By calling the Input method instead, we check both.
This fixes#15338.
When using a `state` command, if the `-state` flag is provided we do not
want to modify the Backend state. In this case we should always create a
local state instance.
The backup flag was also being ignored, and some tests were relying on
that, which have been fixed.
If we provide a -state flag to a state command, we do not want terraform
to modify the backend state. This test fails since the state specified
in the backend doesn't exist
Remove "checksum" from the error, and only indicate that the plugin has
changed.
Always show requested versions even if it's "any", and found versions of
plugins.
This change makes various minor adjustments to the rendering of plans
in the output of "terraform plan":
- Resources are identified using the standard resource address syntax,
rather than exposing the legacy internal representation used in the
module diff resource keys. This fixes#8713.
- Subjectively, having square brackets in the addresses made it look more
visually "off" when the same name but with different indices were
shown together with differing-length "symbols", so the symbols are now
all padded and right-aligned to three characters for consistent layout
across all operations.
- The -/+ action is now more visually distinct, using several different
colors to help communicate what it will do and including a more obvious
"(new resource required)" marker to help draw attention to this not
being just an update diff. This fixes#15350.
- The resources are now sorted in a manner that sorts index [10] after
index [9], rather than after index [1] as we did before. This makes it
easier to scan the list and avoids the common confusion where it seems
that there are only 10 items when in fact there are 11-20 items with
all the tens hiding further up in the list.
Previously init would crash if given these options:
-backend=false -get-plugins=true
This is because the state is used as a source of provider dependency
information, and we need to instantiate the backend to get the state.
To avoid the crash, we now use the following adjusted behavior:
- if -backend=true, we behave as before
- if -backend=false, we instead try to instantiate the backend the same
way any other command would, without modifying its configuration
- if we're able to instantiate the backend, we use it to fetch state
for dependency resolution purposes
- if the backend is not instantiable then we assume it's not yet
configured and proceed with a nil state, which may cause us to see an
incomplete picture of the dependencies but still allows the install
to succeed. Subsequently running "terraform plan" will not work until
the backend is (re-)initialized, so the incomplete picture of required
plugins is safe.
This takes care of a few dangling cases where we were still stringifying
empty version constraints, which creates confusing error messages due to
it stringing as the empty string.
For the "no suitable versions available" message, we fall back on the
"provider not found" message if no versions were found even though it's
unconstrained. This should only happen in an edge case where the
provider's index page exists on the releases server but no versions are
yet present.
For the message about plugin protocol versions, this again is an edge
case since with no constraints this should happen only if we release
an incompatible Terraform version but don't release a new version of the
plugin that's compatible. In this case we just show the constraint as
"(any version)" to make sure we always show _something_.
Previously we only did this when _upgrading_, but that's unnecessarily
specific and confusing since e.g. plugins can get upgraded implicitly by
constraint changes, which would not then trigger the purge process.
Instead, we'll assume that the user is able to easily re-download plugins
that were purged here, or if they need more specific guarantees they will
manage manually a plugin directory and disable the auto-install behavior
using `-plugin-dir`.
Now we are able to recognize and handle a few special error situations
from plugin installation with more verbose error messages that give the
user better feedback on how to proceed.
The -plugin-dir option lets the user specify custom search paths for
plugins. This overrides all other plugin search paths, and prevents the
auto-installation of plugins.
We also make sure that the availability of plugins is always checked
during init, even if -get-plugins=false or -plugin-dir is set.
init should always write intternal data to the current directory, even
when a path is provided. The inherited behavior no longer applies to the
new use of init.
Now that init can take a directory for configuration, the old behavior
of writing the .terraform data directory into the target path no longer
makes sense. Don't change the dataDir field during init, and write to
the default location.
Clean up all references to Meta.dataDir, and only use the getter method
in case we chose to dynamically override this at some point.
Now when -upgrade is provided to "terraform init" (and plugin installation
isn't disabled) it will:
- ignore the contents of the auto-install plugin directory when deciding
what is "available", thus causing anything there to be reinstalled,
possibly at a newer version.
- if installation completes successfully, purge from the auto-install
plugin directory any plugin-looking files that aren't in the set of
chosen plugins.
As before, plugins outside of the auto-install directory are able to
take precedence over the auto-install ones, and these will never be
upgraded nor purged.
The thinking here is that the auto-install directory is an implementation
detail directly managed by Terraform, and so it's Terraform's
responsibility to automatically keep it clean as plugins are upgraded.
We don't yet have the -plugin-dir option implemented, but once it is it
should circumvent all of this behavior and just expect providers to be
already available in the given directory, meaning that nothing will be
auto-installed, -upgraded or -purged.
Previously we had a "getProvider" function type used to implement plugin
fetching. Here we replace that with an interface type, initially with
just a "Get" function.
For now this just simplifies the interface by allowing the target
directory and protocol version to be members of the struct rather than
passed as arguments.
A later change will extend this interface to also include a method to
purge unused plugins, so that upgrading frequently doesn't leave behind
a trail of unused executable files.
As of this commit this just upgrades modules, but this option will also
later upgrade plugins and indeed anything else that's being downloaded and
installed as part of the init.
Since there is little left that isn't core, remove the distinction for
now to reduce confusion, since a "core" binary will mostly work except
for provisioners.
We're shifting terminology from "environment" to "workspace". This takes
care of some of the main internal API surface that was using the old
terminology, though is not intended to be entirely comprehensive and is
mainly just to minimize the amount of confusion for maintainers as we
continue moving towards eliminating the old terminology.
Previously we just silently ignored warnings from validating the backend
config, but now that we have a deprecated argument it's important to print
these out so users can respond to the deprecation warning.
Feedback after 0.9 was that the term "environment" was confusing due to
it colliding with several other concepts, such as OS environment
variables, a non-aligned Terraform Enterprise concept, and differing ideas
of "environment" within various organizations.
This new term "workspace" is intended to ease some of that confusion. This
term is not used anywhere else in Terraform today, and we expect it to not
be used in a manner that would be confusing within user organizations.
This begins a deprecation cycle for the "terraform env" family of commands,
instead moving to an equivalent set of "terraform workspace" commands.
There are some remaining references to the old "environment" concept in
the code, which will be cleaned up in a separate change. This change is
instead focused on text visible in the UI and wording within code comments
for the benefit of human maintainers of the code.
This allows you to run multiple concurrent terraform operations against
different environments from the same source directory.
Fixes#14447.
Also removes some dead code which appears to do the same thing as the function I
modified.
When init was modified in 0.9 to initialize a terraform working
directory, the legacy behavior was kept to copy or fetch module sources.
This left the init command without the ability that the plan and apply
commands have to target a specific directory for the operation.
This commit removes the legacy behavior altogether, and allows init to
target a directory for initialization, bringing it into parity with plan
and apply. If one want to copy a module to the target or current
directory, that will have to be done manually before calling init. We
can later reintroduce fetching modules with init without breaking this
new behavior, by adding the source as an optional second argument.
The unit tests testing the copying of sources with init have been
removed, as well as some out of date (and commented out) init tests
regarding remote states.
ConstrainVersions was documented as returning nil, but it was instead
returning an empty set. Use the Count() method to check for nil or
empty. Add test to verify failed constraints will show up as missing.
"environment" is a very overloaded term, so here we prefer to use the
term "working directory" to talk about a local directory where operations
are executed on a given Terraform configuration.
Each provider plugin will take at least a few seconds to download, so
providing feedback about each one should make users feel less like
Terraform has hung.
Ideally we'd show ongoing progress during the download, but that's not
possible without re-working go-getter, so we'll accept this as an interim
solution for now.
This was added with the idea of using it to override the SHA256 hashes
to match those hypothetically stored in a plan, but we already have a
mechanism elsewhere for populating context fields from plan fields, so
this is not actually necessary.
When running "terraform init" with providers that are unconstrained, we
will now produce information to help the user update configuration to
constrain for the particular providers that were chosen, to prevent
inadvertently drifting onto a newer major release that might contain
breaking changes.
A ~> constraint is used here because pinning to a single specific version
is expected to create dependency hell when using child modules. By using
this constraint mode, which allows minor version upgrades, we avoid the
need for users to constantly adjust version constraints across many
modules, but make major version upgrades still be opt-in.
Any constraint at all in the configuration will prevent the display of
these suggestions, so users are free to use stronger or weaker constraints
if desired, ignoring the recommendation.
James Bardin