Add support for parsing configuration_aliases in required_providers
entries. The decoder needed to be re-written here in order to support
the bare reference style usage of provider names so that they match the
usage in other location within configuration. The only change to
existing handling of the required_providers block is more precise error
locations in a couple cases.
The main motivation here is to produce a helpful error if a user
incorrectly uses the terraform-provider- prefix (which we see on provider
VCS repositories and plugin executables) as part of the source address.
However, this also more broadly blocks "terraform-" as a prefix in
anticipation of whatever instinct causes the phenomenon where e.g.
Python's PyPI has thousands of packages whose names start with "python-",
even though everything on PyPI is for Python by definition. This is
definitely not _necessary_, but it's better to be restrictive at first
and weaken later as needed.