* lang/funcs: add (console-only) TypeFunction
The type() function, which is only available for terraform console,
prints out the type of a given value. This is mainly intended for
debugging - it's nice to be able to print out terraform's understanding
of a complex variable.
This introduces a new field for Scope: ConsoleMode. When ConsoleMode is true, any additional functions intended for use in the console (only) may be added.
In order to avoid updating every one of our existing functions with
explicit support for sensitive values, there's a default rule in the
functions system which makes the result of a function sensitive if any
of its arguments contain sensitive values.
We were applying that default to the various type conversion functions,
like tomap and tolist, which meant that converting a complex-typed value
with a sensitive value anywhere inside it would result in a
wholly-sensitive result.
That's unnecessarily conservative because the cty conversion layer (which
these functions are wrapping) already knows how to handle sensitivity
in a more precise way. Therefore we can opt in to handling marked values
(which Terraform uses for sensitivity) here and the only special thing
we need to do is handle errors related to sensitive values differently,
so we won't print their values out literally in case of an error (and so
that the attempt to print them out literally won't panic trying to
extract the marked values).
It's not normally necessary to make explicit type conversions in Terraform
because the language implicitly converts as necessary, but explicit
conversions are useful in a few specialized cases:
- When defining output values for a reusable module, it may be desirable
to force a "cleaner" output type than would naturally arise from a
computation, such as forcing a string containing digits into a number.
- Our 0.12upgrade mechanism will use some of these to replace use of the
undocumented, hidden type conversion functions in HIL, and force
particular type interpretations in some tricky cases.
- We've found that type conversion functions can be useful as _temporary_
workarounds for bugs in Terraform and in providers where implicit type
conversion isn't working correctly or a type constraint isn't specified
precisely enough for the automatic conversion behavior.
These all follow the same convention of being named "to" followed by a
short type name. Since we've had a long-standing convention of running all
the words together in lowercase in function names, we stick to that here
even though some of these names are quite strange, because these should
be rarely-used functions anyway.
Kristin Laemmert